Hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu cyacu, cyane cyane izamuka ryihuse ry’inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, gushonga no guta inganda mu myaka yashize, amashanyarazi aragenda yiyongera.Muri byo, ibikoresho byo gukosora amashyanyarazi aringaniye ni kimwe mu bikoresho binini bitanga amashanyarazi, ariko kubera ko abayikora benshi bagabanya ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa kandi ntibashyireho ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga byo guhagarika imiyoboro, umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi rusange uhumanya cyane n’imiterere nkikirere cy’umwijima.Impanuka ya pulse igabanya gutunganya, gukwirakwiza no gukoresha ingufu za electronique, gushyushya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, gutera kunyeganyega n urusaku, kubika imyaka, kugabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi, ndetse bigatera kunanirwa cyangwa gutwikwa.Harmonics irashobora gutera parallel ya rezonanse cyangwa urukurikirane rwa rezanse ya sisitemu yingufu, bityo ikagura ibintu bihuza kandi bigatera ubushobozi bwo gutwika nibindi bikoresho.Harmonics irashobora kandi gutera imikoreshereze mibi yuburinzi hamwe nibikoresho byikora kandi bitiranya ibipimo byingufu.Harmonics hanze ya sisitemu yamashanyarazi irashobora kubangamira cyane ibikoresho byitumanaho nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Itanura ryumuriro w'amashanyarazi hagati nimwe mumasoko manini ahuza mumitwaro ya gride, kuko ihindurwamo inshuro ndende nyuma yo gukosorwa.Harmonics izabangamira cyane imikorere yumuriro wamashanyarazi.Kurugero, imiyoboro ihuza izatera iyongera ryinshi ryumuvuduko mwinshi wa vortex muri transformateur, bizatera transformateur gushyuha cyane, kugabanya umusaruro wa transformateur, kongera urusaku rwa transformateur, kandi byangiza cyane ubuzima bwumurimo wa transformateur .Ingaruka zifatika zumurongo uhuza bigabanya guhora kwambukiranya igice cyumuyobozi kandi byongera igihombo cyumurongo.Umuvuduko wa Harmonic ugira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi kuri gride, bigatera amakosa yibikorwa mubikoresho bigenzura byikora no kugenzura ibipimo bidahwitse.Umuvuduko wa Harmonic hamwe nubu bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yibikoresho byitumanaho bya periferi;umuvuduko ukabije w'inzibacyuho hamwe na overvoltage yinzibacyuho iterwa nubwuzuzanye byangiza urwego rwimashini yimashini nibikoresho, bikavamo amakosa yibice bitatu byigihe gito cyumuzunguruko no kwangiza transformateur;Umuvuduko wa voltage hamwe nubunini bwumuvuduko bizatera igice cyuruhererekane resonance hamwe na parallel resonance mumashanyarazi rusange, bikaviramo impanuka zikomeye.Muburyo bwo gukomera kumahinduka ahoraho, ikintu cya mbere cyo kuva muri DC ni kwaduka kwaduka kwamashanyarazi, bihwanye no hejuru yimiterere ihanitse.Nubwo umuzunguruko wanyuma ugomba gushungura, urwego rwohejuru ruhuza ntirushobora gushungura rwose, niyo mpanvu yo kubyara guhuza.
Twashizeho akayunguruzo kamwe kamwe ka 5, 7, 11 na 13.Mbere yo kuyungurura indishyi, imbaraga zicyiciro cyo gushonga cyumukoresha hagati yumuriro w'amashanyarazi hagati ya 0.91.Nyuma yo gushungura ibikoresho byungururwa bimaze gukoreshwa, indishyi ntarengwa ni 0,98 capacitive.Nyuma yo gukoresha akayunguruzo k'indishyi, igipimo cyose cyo kugoreka voltage (agaciro ka THD) ni 2.02%.Ukurikije ubuziranenge bwimbaraga za GB / GB / T 14549-1993, agaciro ka voltage harmonic (10KV) kari munsi ya 4.0%.Nyuma yo kuyungurura 5, 7, 11 na 13 zihuza imiyoboro, igipimo cyo kuyungurura ni 82∽84%, kigera ku gaciro kemewe kurwego rwisosiyete yacu.Ingaruka nziza yo kuyungurura.
Tugomba rero gusesengura ibitera guhuza no gufata ingamba zo guhagarika imiyoboro ihanitse, ifite akamaro kanini kugirango imikorere y’amashanyarazi itekanye kandi yubukungu.
Ubwa mbere, igitera guhuza itanura ryigihe gito
1. Harmonics ikorwa numutwaro utari umurongo, nka silikoni igenzurwa nogukosora, guhinduranya amashanyarazi, nibindi. Imirongo ihuza imbaraga iterwa nuyu mutwaro ni integer inshuro nyinshi zikorwa.Kurugero, ibyiciro bitatu-bitandatu bikosora bikosora cyane cyane bihuza 5 na 7 bihuza, mugihe ibyiciro bitatu-12 bya pulse ikosora cyane cyane itanga 11 na 13.
2. Bitewe nubwuzuzanye buterwa nuburemere bwimitwaro nka itanura ryigihe gito hagati ya feri na inverter, ntabwo habaho guhuza ibice gusa, ahubwo hanabangikanya uduce duto dufite inshuro ebyiri inshuro ebyiri za inverter.Kurugero, itanura rinini hagati ikora kuri 820 Hz ukoresheje ibyiciro bitatu-bitandatu-bikosora ibyubaka ntabwo bitanga gusa icya 5 nicya 7 gusa, ahubwo binanahuza ibice 1640 Hz.
Harmonics ibaho hamwe na gride kuko generator na transformateur bitanga umusaruro muke.
2. Ibibi byo guhuza itanura hagati
Mugukoresha itanura ryigihe giciriritse, havuka umubare munini wubwuzuzanye, biganisha ku ihumana rikomeye ry’umuriro w'amashanyarazi.
1. Guhuza byinshi bizabyara imbaraga za voltage cyangwa ikigezweho.Ingaruka zo kubaga bivuga igihe gito hejuru ya (hasi) voltage ya sisitemu, ni ukuvuga impiswi ako kanya ya voltage itarenza milisegonda 1.Iyi pulse irashobora kuba nziza cyangwa mbi, kandi irashobora kugira urukurikirane cyangwa imiterere ihindagurika, bigatuma ibikoresho byaka.
2. Harmonics igabanya ihererekanyabubasha nogukoresha ingufu zamashanyarazi nibikoresho bya termoelektrike, bikabyara ihindagurika n urusaku, bigatuma impande zayo zishaje, kugabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi, ndetse no gukora nabi cyangwa gutwikwa.
3. Ihindura ibikoresho byishyurwa byingufu za sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi;iyo habaye guhuza mumashanyarazi, imbaraga za capacitor ziyongera nyuma yo gushyirwaho, hanyuma umuyoboro unyuze muri capacitor ukiyongera cyane, ibyo bikaba byongera imbaraga zumuriro wa capacitor.Niba impiswi zigezweho ziri hejuru, capacitor izaba irenze kandi iremerewe, izashyuha cyane kandi yihutishe kwinjiza ibintu kumpera.
4. Ibi bizagabanya umuvuduko nubuzima bwa serivisi yibikoresho byamashanyarazi kandi byongere igihombo;bigira ingaruka itaziguye yo gukoresha ubushobozi no gukoresha igipimo cya transformateur.Mugihe kimwe, bizongera kandi urusaku rwa transformateur kandi bigabanye cyane ubuzima bwumurimo wa transformateur.
5. Mu bice bifite amasoko menshi ahuza amashanyarazi, ndetse numubare munini wogusenyuka kwimbere mumbere no hanze ya elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike, kandi na capacator muri podiyumu yatwitse cyangwa ikandagira.
6. Harmonics irashobora kandi gutera kurinda relay no gutsindira ibikoresho byikora, bikavamo urujijo mugupima ingufu.Ngiyo hanze ya sisitemu yimbaraga.Guhuza bitera kubangamira cyane ibikoresho byitumanaho nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Kubwibyo, kuzamura ubuziranenge bwamashyiga yigihe gito byahindutse intego nyamukuru yibisubizo.
Bitatu, intera yumuriro hagati yuburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo.
1. Kunoza ubushobozi bwumuzunguruko muto wumurongo rusange uhuza amashanyarazi kandi ugabanye guhuza sisitemu.
2. Indishyi zubu zirimo gufata AC filteri na filteri ikora.
3. Ongera pulse yumubare wibikoresho bihindura kugirango ugabanye imiyoboro ihuje.
4. Irinde resonance ya capacator ibangikanye nigishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu.
5. Igikoresho kinini cyo guhagarika imiyoboro ihujwe murukurikirane kumurongo wogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi menshi kugirango uhagarike ikwirakwizwa ryimiterere ihanitse.
7. Hitamo uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura insinga.
8. Ibikoresho bishyizwe hamwe kugirango bitange amashanyarazi, kandi hashyizweho igikoresho cyo kuyungurura.
Icya kane, hagati yigihe cyo gutanura ibikoresho byo kugenzura ibikoresho
1. Hongyan igikoresho cyungurura ibikoresho.
Hongyan passive filter igikoresho.Uburinzi ni capacitori ya seriveri irwanya, kandi pasitoro ya pasiporo igizwe na capacitor hamwe na résistoriste mukurikirane, kandi ihinduka ryahujwe kurwego runaka.Mugihe cyihariye, hashyirwaho urwego ruto rwihuta, nka 250HZ.Nibintu bitanu bihuza.Uburyo burashobora kwishyura indinganizo nimbaraga zose, kandi ifite imiterere yoroshye.Nyamara, imbogamizi nyamukuru yubu buryo nuko indishyi zayo zigira ingaruka ku mbogamizi ya gride na leta ikora, kandi biroroshye kumvikana mu buryo bubangikanye na sisitemu, bikaviramo guhuza imbaraga, kurenza urugero ndetse no kwangiza kristu y'amazi. muyunguruzi.Ku mizigo itandukanye cyane, biroroshye gutera indishyi cyangwa indishyi zirenze.Mubyongeyeho, irashobora gusa kwishyura inshuro zihamye zihuza, kandi ingaruka zindishyi ntabwo ari nziza.
2. Hongyan ikora ibikoresho byo kuyungurura
Akayunguruzo gakomeye gatera guhuza imbaraga zingana na antifase.Menya neza ko ikigezweho kuruhande rwamashanyarazi ari sine wave.Igitekerezo cyibanze nugushiraho indishyi zingana nimbaraga zingana nu mutwaro uhuza imizigo hanyuma ugahindura umwanya, hanyuma ugahagarika indishyi zumuvuduko hamwe nu mutwaro uhuza imizigo kugirango ukureho impanuka.Ubu ni ibicuruzwa bihuza uburyo bwo kurandura, kandi ingaruka zo kuyungurura nibyiza kuruta gushungura.
3. Kurinda Harmonic Kurinda
Kurinda guhuza bingana na capacitori ya reaction.Kuberako impedance iri hasi cyane, ikigezweho kizatemba hano.Ibi mubyukuri gutandukana, kubwibyo guhuza imiyoboro yinjijwe muri sisitemu byakemuwe.
Kurinda Harmonic mubisanzwe bishyirwa imbere yibikoresho byoroshye.Nibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwo kugenzura, bishobora kurwanya ingaruka zidasanzwe, kwinjiza inshuro 2 ~ 65 zo hejuru, no kurinda ibikoresho.Igenzura rihuza sisitemu yo kugenzura amatara, mudasobwa, televiziyo, ibikoresho byo kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bidasubirwaho, ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, ibyuma bikosora, ibikoresho bisobanutse, hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Ibyo byose bihuza byakozwe nibikoresho byamashanyarazi bidafite umurongo birashobora gutera kunanirwa muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ubwayo cyangwa mubikoresho bifitanye isano na sisitemu.Kurinda guhuza birashobora gukuraho guhuza amasoko yumuriro w'amashanyarazi, kandi bigahita bikuraho imiyoboro ihanitse, urusaku rwinshi, urusaku rwinshi, impanuka nizindi mvururu zikoreshwa mubikoresho byamashanyarazi.Kurinda guhuza birashobora kweza amashanyarazi, kurinda ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nibikoresho byindishyi zamashanyarazi, kubuza kurinda kugenda kubwimpanuka, hanyuma bigakomeza gukora neza ibikoresho byamashanyarazi ahantu hirengeye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-13-2023