Abantu batandukanye bafite ibisobanuro bitandukanye byubuziranenge bwimbaraga, kandi hazabaho ibisobanuro bitandukanye rwose bishingiye kubitekerezo bitandukanye.Kurugero, isosiyete ikora amashanyarazi irashobora gusobanura ubuziranenge bwamashanyarazi nkubwizerwe bwa sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi no gukoresha imibare kugirango yerekane ko sisitemu yabo ari 99,98%.Inzego zishinzwe kugenzura akenshi zikoresha aya makuru kugirango tumenye ubuziranenge.Abakora ibikoresho biremereye barashobora gusobanura ubuziranenge bwamashanyarazi nkibiranga amashanyarazi asabwa kugirango ibikoresho bikore neza.Nyamara, ikintu cyingenzi nicyerekezo cyanyuma cyumukoresha, kuva ibibazo byubwiza bwibibazo byavuzwe numukoresha.Kubwibyo, iyi ngingo ikoresha ibibazo byabajijwe nabakoresha kugirango isobanure ubuziranenge bwingufu, ni ukuvuga, voltage iyo ari yo yose, iyitandukanya cyangwa inshuro nyinshi itera ibikoresho byamashanyarazi gukora nabi cyangwa kunanirwa gukora neza nikibazo cyamashanyarazi.Hariho imyumvire myinshi itari yo kubitera ibibazo byubuziranenge bwingufu.Iyo igikoresho gihuye nikibazo cyingufu, abakoresha amaherezo barashobora guhita binubira ko biterwa numuriro cyangwa imikorere mibi yikigo cyamashanyarazi.Nyamara, inyandiko zamasosiyete yamashanyarazi ntishobora kwerekana ko ikintu kidasanzwe cyabaye mugutanga ingufu kubakiriya.Mu rubanza rumwe ruheruka twakoze iperereza, ibikoresho byo gukoresha amaherezo byahagaritswe inshuro 30 mu mezi icyenda, ariko amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi yikubye inshuro eshanu gusa.Ni ngombwa kumenya ko byinshi mubyabaye bitera ibibazo byingufu-zikoresha imbaraga zitigera zigaragara mubarurishamibare ryikigo cyingirakamaro.Kurugero, guhinduranya imikorere ya capacator birasanzwe cyane kandi nibisanzwe muri sisitemu yingufu, ariko birashobora gutera umuvuduko mwinshi kandi bigatera ibikoresho kwangiza.Urundi rugero ni ikosa ryigihe gito ahandi muri sisitemu yingufu zitera igabanuka ryigihe gito cya voltage kumukiriya, birashoboka ko bitera umuvuduko wihuta cyangwa gukwirakwiza generator kurugendo, ariko ibyabaye ntibishobora gutera ibintu bidasanzwe kubagaburira ibikoresho.Usibye ibibazo nyabyo byingufu zamashanyarazi, byagaragaye ko ibibazo bimwe byubuziranenge bwamashanyarazi bishobora kuba bifitanye isano namakosa yibikoresho, software, cyangwa sisitemu yo kugenzura kandi ntibishobora kugaragara keretse niba ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubuziranenge byashyizwe kubagaburira.Kurugero, imikorere yibikoresho bya elegitoronike bigenda byangirika buhoro buhoro bitewe no guhura kenshi na overvoltage yinzibacyuho, kandi amaherezo byangirika kubera urwego rwo hasi rwumuriro.Nkigisubizo, biragoye guhuza ibyabaye nimpamvu runaka, kandi kutabasha guhanura ubwoko butandukanye bwibintu byananiranye biba byinshi kubera kubura ubumenyi buke bwa microprocessor bushingiye kubikoresho bigenzura software bifite bijyanye nibikorwa bya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi.Kubwibyo, igikoresho gishobora kwitwara nabi kubera software yimbere.Ibi birasanzwe cyane muri bamwe mubatangiye hakiri kare ibikoresho bishya bigenzurwa na mudasobwa.Intego nyamukuru yiki gitabo ni ugufasha ibikorwa byingirakamaro, abakoresha amaherezo, hamwe nabatanga ibikoresho kugirango bafatanye kugabanya kunanirwa guterwa nubusembwa bwa software.Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibibazo bigenda byiyongera ku bijyanye n’ubuziranenge bw’amashanyarazi, ibigo by’ingufu bigomba gutegura gahunda yo gukemura ibibazo by’abakiriya.Amahame yiyi gahunda agomba kugenwa ninshuro zabakoresha ibibazo cyangwa kunanirwa.Serivise ziratangirana no gusubiza ibibazo byabakoresha kugeza guhugura abakoresha no gukemura ibibazo byubuziranenge.Ku masosiyete yingufu, amategeko n'amabwiriza bigira uruhare runini mugutegura gahunda.Kuberako ibibazo byubuziranenge byamashanyarazi bikubiyemo imikoranire hagati ya sisitemu yo gutanga, ibikoresho byabakiriya, nibikoresho, abayobozi bagomba kwemeza ko ibigo bikwirakwiza bigira uruhare runini mugukemura ibibazo byubuziranenge bwamashanyarazi.Ubukungu bwo gukemura ikibazo cyubwiza bwingufu runaka bugomba no gusuzumwa mubisesengura.Mu bihe byinshi, inzira nziza yo gukemura ikibazo irashobora kuba ugutesha agaciro ibikoresho byumva cyane cyane impinduka zubuziranenge bwamashanyarazi.Urwego rukenewe rw'ubuziranenge bw'amashanyarazi ni urwego ibikoresho biri mu kigo runaka bishobora gukora neza.Kimwe nubwiza bwibindi bicuruzwa na serivisi, kubara ubwiza bwingufu biragoye.Mugihe hariho ibipimo bya voltage nubundi buryo bwo gupima ingufu, igipimo cyanyuma cyubwiza bwingufu biterwa nimikorere numusaruro wikigo gikoresha amaherezo.Niba imbaraga zidahuye n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, noneho "ubuziranenge" bushobora kwerekana kudahuza sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi hamwe nibyo abakoresha bakeneye.Kurugero, ibintu bya "flicker timer" bishobora kuba urugero rwiza rwo kudahuza sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi hamwe nibyo umukoresha akeneye.Bamwe mubashushanya igihe bahimbye ingengabihe ya digitale ishobora gucana induru mugihe ingufu zabuze, batabishaka bahimba kimwe mubikoresho byambere byo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwimbaraga.Ibi bikoresho byo gukurikirana bituma uyikoresha amenya ko hari ihindagurika rito muri sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi adashobora kugira ingaruka mbi uretse izagaragajwe nigihe.Ibikoresho byinshi byo murugo ubu bifite ibikoresho byubatswe, kandi urugo rushobora kugira ingero zigera ku icumi zigomba gusubirwamo mugihe habaye umuriro mugufi.Hamwe nisaha zamashanyarazi zishaje, ubunyangamugayo bushobora gutakara gusa amasegonda make mugihe gito cyo guhagarika umutima, hamwe na syncronisation yagaruwe ako kanya nyuma yo guhagarika umutima.Muri make, ibibazo byubuziranenge bwingufu bikubiyemo ibintu byinshi kandi bisaba imbaraga zihuriweho namashyaka menshi kugirango bikemuke.Ibigo byamashanyarazi bigomba gufatana uburemere ibibazo byabakiriya no gutegura gahunda.Abakoresha ba nyuma n'abacuruza ibikoresho bagomba kumva ibitera ibibazo byubuziranenge bwingufu kandi bagafata ingamba zo kugabanya kwandura no kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa na software.Mugukorera hamwe, birashoboka gutanga urwego rwimbaraga zingirakamaro kubakoresha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-13-2023