Igikoresho cyindishyi zingirakamaro, kizwi kandi nkigikoresho cyo gukosora ingufu, ni ingenzi muri sisitemu yingufu.Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru ni ugutezimbere ingufu za sisitemu yo gutanga no kugabura, bityo bikongerera imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho byohereza no gusimbuza, kuzamura ingufu, no kugabanya ibiciro by’amashanyarazi.Byongeye kandi, kwishyiriraho ibikoresho byindishyi zingufu zumuriro ahantu hakwiye mumirongo miremire irashobora kohereza ituze rya sisitemu yohereza, kongera ubushobozi bwo kohereza, no guhagarika voltage kumpera yakira na gride. Ibikoresho byindishyi zamashanyarazi byanyuze ibyiciro byinshi byiterambere.Mu minsi ya mbere, abateza imbere icyiciro cya sinhron bari basanzwe bahagarariye, ariko bagiye buhoro buhoro bitewe nubunini bwabo nigiciro kinini.Uburyo bwa kabiri bwakoreshaga ubushobozi bwa parallel, bwari bufite ibyiza byingenzi byigiciro gito kandi byoroshye no gukoresha.Nyamara, ubu buryo busaba gukemura ibibazo nkubwuzuzanye nibindi bibazo byubuziranenge bwimbaraga zishobora kubaho muri sisitemu, kandi ikoreshwa rya capacitori nziza ntirisanzwe. Muri iki gihe, ibikoresho byindishyi za capacitor nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane mugutezimbere ingufu.Iyo umutwaro wa sisitemu ukoresha ari umusaruro uhoraho kandi igipimo cyo guhindura imitwaro ntikiri hejuru, mubisanzwe birasabwa gukoresha uburyo bwindishyi zagenwe hamwe na capacator (FC).Ubundi, uburyo bwindishyi bwikora bugenzurwa nabahuza no guhinduranya intambwe irashobora gukoreshwa, ikwiranye na sisitemu yo hagati noguciriritse ya voltage yo kugabura no gukwirakwiza.Ku ndishyi zihuse mugihe habaye ihinduka ryihuse ryumutwaro cyangwa imitwaro yingaruka, nko mubikorwa byo kuvanga inganda. imashini, aho ibyifuzo byingufu zikora bihinduka byihuse, sisitemu isanzwe yingufu zidasanzwe zikoresha indishyi, zikoresha ubushobozi, zifite aho zigarukira.Iyo capacator zaciwe na gride yamashanyarazi, habaho voltage isigaye hagati yinkingi zombi za capacitor.Ubunini bwa voltage isigaye ntibushobora guhanurwa kandi bisaba iminota 1-3 yo gusohora.Kubwibyo, intera iri hagati yo kongera guhuza amashanyarazi ikeneye gutegereza kugeza igihe ingufu zisigaye zagabanutse munsi ya 50V, bikavamo kubura igisubizo cyihuse.Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, kubera ko hari byinshi bihuza muri sisitemu, ibikoresho bya LC-byungurujwe byo gushungura bigizwe na capacator na reaktor bisaba ubushobozi bunini bwo kurinda umutekano wa capacator, ariko birashobora no gutuma habaho indishyi zikabije kandi bigatera sisitemu kuri guhinduka ubushobozi. Kubwibyo, static var indishyi (SVC) yavutse.Ubusanzwe uhagarariye SVC agizwe na Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR) hamwe na capacitori ihamye (FC).Ikintu cyingenzi kiranga indishyi za var nubushobozi bwacyo bwo guhora uhindura imbaraga zidasanzwe zicyuma cyindishyi mugucunga inguni itinda ya thyristors muri TCR.SVC ikoreshwa cyane cyane muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ingufu ziciriritse kugeza hejuru, kandi irakwiriye cyane cyane kuri ssenariyo ifite ubushobozi bunini bwo gutwara imizigo, ibibazo bikomeye byubwumvikane, imitwaro yingaruka, hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo guhindura imitwaro, nk'uruganda rukora ibyuma, inganda za reberi, metallurgie idafite fer, gutunganya ibyuma, hamwe na gari ya moshi yihuta. Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki y’amashanyarazi, cyane cyane hagaragaye ibikoresho bya IGBT hamwe niterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura, hagaragaye ubundi bwoko bwibikoresho byindishyi zingufu zidasanzwe bitandukanye nubushobozi bwa gakondo hamwe nibikoresho bishingiye kuri reaction .Ubu ni Static Var Generator (SVG), ikoresha tekinoroji ya PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) igenzura kubyara cyangwa gukuramo imbaraga zidasanzwe.SVG ntisaba kubara impedance ya sisitemu mugihe idakoreshwa, kuko ikoresha imirongo ihinduranya ikiraro hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryinshi cyangwa PWM.Byongeye kandi, ugereranije na SVC, SVG ifite ibyiza byubunini buto, byihuta bikomeza kandi bigenda byoroha byingufu zingirakamaro, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwishyura imbaraga zivangura nubushobozi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-24-2023